Potensi Insektisida Melur (Brucea javanica L. Merr) dalam Mengendalikan Hama KubisCrocidolomia pavonana(F.) (Lepidoptera: Crambidae) danPlutella xylostella (L.) (Lepidoptera: Yponomeutidae)

Eka, Eka Candra Lina and Arneti, Arneti and Prijono, Djoko Prijono and Dadang, Dadang (2010) Potensi Insektisida Melur (Brucea javanica L. Merr) dalam Mengendalikan Hama KubisCrocidolomia pavonana(F.) (Lepidoptera: Crambidae) danPlutella xylostella (L.) (Lepidoptera: Yponomeutidae). Jurnal Natur Indonesia, 12 (2). pp. 109-116. ISSN 1410-9379

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Abstract

This study was conducted to evaluate the potency of Brucea javanica (melur) for controlling two species of crucifer pests, i.e.Crocidolomia pavonanaand Plutella xylostella.Melur fruits, twigs, and leaves were extracted directly with methanol or sequentially with hexane, ethyl acetate, and methanol. The most active extract was then fractionated by preparative layer chromatography using hexane, mixtures of ethyl acetate and methanol, and methanol as eluents. The most active fraction was formulated as EC (emulsifiable concentrate) and WP (wettable powder) formulations, and tested for their toxicity and antifeedant effect against C. pavonana and P. xylostella larvae. The results showed that methanol extract of melur fruits was more active than that of twigs and leaves. Fractionation of methanol extract of melur fruits yielded an active fraction which was eluted with ethyl acetatemethanol 9:1. EC and WP formulations of melur fruits were active against C. pavonana larvae with LC50 of 0.39% and 0.21%, respectively. The same formulations were also active againstP. xylostella larvae with LC50 of 0.31% and 0.54%, respectively. In no-choice tests, the antifeedant effect of the EC formulation on C. pavonanalarvae (feeding inhibition [FI]: 70.9%-97.5%) was higher than onP. xylostellalarvae (FI: 52.2%-83.9%), but the antifeedant effect of the WP formulation on the two species was relatively the same. In a choice test, the EC formulation at LC85 completely inhibited feeding byC. pavonana larvae (FI: 100%).

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