Dadih and Zinc Supplementation during Pregnancy Benefits Pregnancy Outcomes and Humoral Immune Response in West Sumatera, Indonesia

Helmizar, Helmizar Dadih and Zinc Supplementation during Pregnancy Benefits Pregnancy Outcomes and Humoral Immune Response in West Sumatera, Indonesia. Annals of Nutrition and Metabolism.

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Abstract

Keywords Dadih · Zinc supplementation · Pregnancy outcome · sIgA Background/Aims: Dadih is a dairy product obtained from fermented buffalo milk in West Sumatra Indonesia. It contains various nutrients for human body, and source of probiotics that are beneficial for prenatal supplementation and pregnancy outcomes. Methods: We conducted randomized control trial in which 138 pregnant mothers at second trimester were randomly assigned to three groups 1). Control groups, 2). Dadih groups, and 3), Dadih and zinc groups. The mothers in dadih and zinc group received dadih tube (100 gram) six times a week and one packed of 20 mg zinc tablet weekly for six months of intervention. Mother’s weight gain was measured every month. After six month of intervention, fecal secretary immunoglobulin A (sIgA) and anthropometric of newborn infants were measured in all groups. Results: The average maternal weight gain was 8.9 + 3.7 kg, the lowest was in the control group and the highest was in dadih and zinc groups (9.2+3.8 kg). We found significant difference on infant’s birth weight compared to control, i.e. 163.9 (95% CI:-43.8 - 371.8) gram in dadih group and 236.5 (95%CI:-13.4 - 459.7) in dadih and zinc group after adjusted for ideal maternal weight gain (p<0.05). There were no significant differences reduction of sIgA in mothers and in infants at the beginning and after six month of intervention among three groups (p>0.05). Conclusion: Dadih and zinc supplementation were beneficial for improving maternal weight gain and pregnancy outcomes, but have no effect on immune response both for mothers and infants.

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