Acute and Delayed Toxicity Study of Cassytha Filiformis Defatted Ethanolic Extract

Armenia, Armenia and Hercegovina, Hercegovina and Gustinanda, Dian and Nur Salasa, Annisa and Yuliandra, Yori and Friardi, Friardi (2015) Acute and Delayed Toxicity Study of Cassytha Filiformis Defatted Ethanolic Extract. World Journal of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, 4 (10). pp. 155-162. ISSN 2278 – 4357

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Abstract

Defatted ethanolic extract of Cassytha filiformis exhibits a potential antihypertensive activity based on our previous study. The objective of this study is to evaluate the acute and delayed toxicities of the extract. Determination of LD 50 and delayed toxicity were conducted on 90 mice (divided into 6 groups of 15 mice each) at doses of 25, 50, 100, 200, 400 and 800 mg/kg. Data was analyzed by Probit analysis to determine LD 50 , while Two Way ANOVA was used to analyze the change of animal body weight, food and water intakes. Results showed that the 1, 2, 3, 24 and 48 hours LD 50 of this extract were 0; 875.83; 313. 63; 52.28 and 2.17 mg/kg, respectively. Animal body weight, food and water intakes were affected by the dose of the extract and the time of measurement and interaction of those variables significantly (p<0.05). In this situation, food and water intake decreased up to fifteen days after the single dose of this extract, especially at high dose (400 mg). These led to reducing animal body weight. There was no significant change (p>0.1) in the heart, liver and kidney weight ratios at the end of this study (14 days after single dose of extract). These indicate that the defatted ethanolic extract of C. filiformis is toxic and produces delayed toxicity.

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