LEACHING BEHAVIOUR OF NITROGEN IN FORAGE RICE CULTIVATION THAT APPLIED WITH ANIMAL MANURE

Gusmini, Gusmini and Nishimura, Kazuyuki and Adrinal, Adrinal and Itani, Tomio (2013) LEACHING BEHAVIOUR OF NITROGEN IN FORAGE RICE CULTIVATION THAT APPLIED WITH ANIMAL MANURE. Journal Tropical Soils, 18 (3). pp. 209-216. ISSN ISSN 0852-257X

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Abstract

ABSTRACT Increased use of N fertilizer may substantially increase of nitrate nitrogen (NO3-N) leaching, which potentially pollutes groundwater. Leaching behaviour of nitrogen (N) was observed in the paddy field of forage rice cultivation. Two kinds of animal manure, cattle manure (CM) and poultry manure (PM) at 5 levels of N application (0, 70, 140, 210, 280 kg N ha-1) as the organic N sources, and without any chemical fertilizers. “Tachisuzuka” forage rice variety was conducted in the experimental plot. Porous ceramic cups were installed in triplicate of each treatment at 45 cm depth to collect the percolation water samples during the cultivation rice periods. The concentration of total N, NH4-N, NO2-N and NO3-N of water (surface and percolation) and soil sample solution were analysed using a Hach DR/2800 spectrophotometer. Result showed that NO3-N leaching was higher than NH4-N in the percolation water during the cultivation of forage rice periods. The highest NO3-N leaching was found in 280 kg N ha-1 (6.3 mg L-1), that it was indicated on the polluted levels. The highest of biomass production was in N280 (16.22 t ha-1) and nearly similar result in N140, N210 and N280. It was concluded that the best application of N-fertilizer in 140 kg N ha-1 because it greatly enhanced N-fertilizer efficiency, and decreased steadily of NO3-N concentration leaching in the environment of the groundwater. Keywords: Ammonium (NH4-N), Forage rice, N behavior, Nitrate (NO3-N), N leaching

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